Question

How Shoes are made ?

Answer 1

How to make shoes with the right approach that will 100 % guarantee your progress and success in shoemakingMaking shoes is a long process and involves many steps. When you want to learn how to make shoes, what results do you want to get?

1. You want to make beautiful shoes, they need to look good
2. The footwear needs to be comfortable
3. You want to make long lasting shoes

I understand that shoemaking can be complicated craft and to make shoes you need to go through a long process, so many of you, beginners in shoemaking,  are looking for shortcuts. 

The most common mistakes that beginners have when they try to learn how to make shoes, is this misleading concept:

‘’If I will have all the tools that shoemaker has, I will make shoes just like him.’’

Shoemakers use a lot of different shoemaking tools, different shoemaker knifes, hammers, different shoemaker pincers, different awls and the list is long.You need consistent progress in your shoemaking knowledge and skills, and we will talk about it in a sec.

The fact is, in shoemaking there is one primary footwear type, and it must be first footwear construction that you will learn to make. It will help you to learn and progress in most efficient way. 

Because this footwear type has primary rules of constructions that you will use in making of every other footwear type.

I am talking about a simple Flat Ballet Shoes. Yes, it is your first shoe type you must make, no matter if you want to make men shoes or women’s shoes. 

How was it made? The Art of Shoe Making

Secrets of Shoe Design 

Find out more about our shoes collection.

 

          

The art of shoe making

Answer 2

The Design Team. Different departments are responsible for different aspects of the shoes manufacturing process. ...

1. Step 2: The Shoe Last Department. Before a shoe can go into production it needs a last. ...
2. Step 3: Stamping and Sewing. ...
3. Step 4: Assembling the Shoe. ...
4. Step 5: Step Insoles and Decoration. ...
5. Step 6: The Shoe Room.

Back in the golden age of handmade footwear the shoemaker bore responsibility for the shoemaking process from start to finish. Now it can feel like fast fashion reigns supreme but plenty of love still goes into creating handmade shoes. Now, unlike the original cobblers, high quality shoes are made using a nesting manufacturing process. So if your question is ‘how does a factory make shoes?’ this is what we’re taking a closer look at. In nesting manufacturing a factory’s various departments each performs different stages of the production process. When a department has finished their role the shoes are forwarded to the next department in line.

Here are some vdeos  of shoe process

Shoemaking Lesson 1 - Choosing a Last

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IIOdWyxVuHs                       

Shoemaking Lesson 2 -Taping the Last

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K8Oeq5zHrLA 

Shoemaking Lesson 3 - Designing Your Shoe

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FLFn43u3CEA 

Shoemaking Lesson 4 - Creating The Standard

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y31sMhGDP30 

Answer 3

No two feet are the same, so why do High Street shoes only offer one fitting? We understand this - so our shoes are available in seven width fittings - so you can get the PERFECT FIT for your individual feet.
See Fitting Advice for more information
Please note we show the smallest shoe fitting in the picture! So don't be deceived by appearances, our shoes are available in wider and deeper fittings too - in fact our 8E fitting is the deepest width fitting available off the shelf. 

When shopping on our website, you can filter the display to show only shoes available in fitting.

                                                                                                                        

                      

 There is a substantial difference in additional width and  depth from an EE to and 8E fitting

This 6 minute video shows a brief overview of some of the processes involved in making a shoe. The shoe progresses from "clicking" or cutting of the leather components, through "closing" or stitching and fitting of the various components to make the upper. The upper is then "lasted", a sole is directly injection moulded onto the upper and finally shoe roomed, inspected and boxed. Unlike many fully automatic manufacturing processes, shoe making is still very labour intensive and involves a great many manual steps. DB Shoes are sold in the UK through a network of retailers and online through Widerfit Shoes Ltd. at          http://www.widerfitshoes.co.uk

Manufacturing a Pair of Shoes - DB Shoes Ltd

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EM-D4CQc5Ok 

NOW PLAYING

Answer 4

                               Methods of Shoe Construction

                                 

There are many ways to attach the sole to the upper but only a few methods are used in mass production. Shoes were traditionally made by moulding leather to a wooden last. Modern technology has introduced new materials and mechanised much of the manufacture. Remarkable as it may seem the manufacture of shoes remains fairly labour intensive. No matter the type of construction the first stage in construction is to attach the insole to the under surface of the last. Two main operations follow: Lasting describes when the upper sections are shaped to the last and insole. Followed by Bottoming, where the sole is attached to the upper. The process of bottoming will determine price, quality and performance of the shoe.
 

        https://youtu.be/Kof-qlFfw6k      

Cement Construction (also known as 'Stuck on construction' in the UK; or the 'Compo Process’) is used for lightweight and flexible shoes and the outsole is stuck to the upper by adhesive. Bonwelt is another variation with its distinguishing feature being a strip of welting attached by stitching or cementing to the top edge of the insole. The shoe is then flat lasted. This is not a true welt construction wherein the welt is attached to the rib of the insole.
 

Goodyear Welt is used for high quality dress and town shoes, the top section (or welt) is chain stitched to the upper and insole rib at the point where it curves under the last. This is supplemented by a lockstitch out seam bonding the welt and outsole. The outsole is then sewn to the welt around the edge. Goodyear Welt creates heavier less flexible footwear and the process is regarded as the sturdiest of all shoe constructions.

Stitchdown (also known as Veldt or veldschoen) is a cheaper method used to produce lightweight flexible soles for children's shoes and some casual footwear. Here the upper turned out (flanged) at the edge of the last and stitched to the runner. In some countries it is known as 'veldt' and 'veldtschoen.' The technique is used for lower priced footwear.
 

https://youtu.be/noyNTLzLb9I

Mocassin is considered to be the oldest shoe construction this consists of a single layer section, which forms the insole, vamp and quarters. The piece is moulded upwards from the under surface of the last. An apron is then stitched to the gathered edges of the vamp and the sole is stitched to the base of the shoe. This method is used for flexible fashion footwear. The imitation moccasin has a visual appearance of a moccasin but does not have the wrap around construction of the genuine moccasin.

           https://youtu.be/cEQg5ZKNVJk

Moulded Methods have the lasted upper placed in a mould and the sole formed around it by injecting liquid synthetic soling material (PVC, urethane). Alternatively, the sole may be vulcanised by converting uncured rubber into a stable compound by heat and pressure. When the materials in the moulds cool the sole-upper bonding is complete. These methods combine the upper permanently into the sole and such shoes cannot therefore be repaired easily. Moulded methods can be used to make most types of footwear.
 

            https://youtu.be/mjI0NQdViOs

Force Lasting (also known as Strobel-stitched method or sew in sock) has evolved from sport shoes but is increasingly used in other footwear. The Strobel-stitched method (or sew in sock) describes one of many force lasting techniques. The upper is sewn directly to a sock by means of an overlooking machine (Strobel stitcher). The upper is then pulled (force lasted) onto a last or moulding foot. Unit soles with raised walls or moulded soles are attached to completely cover the seam. This technique is sometimes known as the Californian process or slip lasting.
 

https://youtu.be/EM-D4CQc5Ok   

SOURCE

All about shoes

Answer 5

The structure of a shoe can be divided into two parts: an upper and lower (or bottom part). Sections of the upper are made up of the vamp, quarter, toebox, throat, insole board, and topline. The sections of the lower shoe consist of an outsole, shank and heel.

The Upper of the Shoe
The upper of a shoe consists of all parts or sections of the shoe above the sole. These are attached by stitches or more likely moulded to become a single unit then the insole and outsole are attached. The upper of the shoe consists of the vamp (or front of the shoe), the quarters (i.e. the sides and back of the shoe), and the linings.Uppers are made in a variety of different materials, both natural and synthetic. Leather became the obvious choice because it allowed air to pass through to and from the skin pores (breath) keep feet at a constant temperature. Ironically synthetics used as uppers display elastic properties, which mean shoe uppers never quite adjusts to the foot shape in the same way as natural leather. Synthetics are cheaper to mass-produce and are now found in most footwear. Synthetic surfaces provide waterproofing and most leather today has synthetic components. 

Vamp



The vamp covers the top  of the foot (includes the tongue piece) and superior aspects over the toes. The toe puff is reinforced and serves to give the shoe a shape as well as protect the digits. The vamp is often made of more than one piece creating a decorative pattern. There are various types of vamps suited to different styles of shoes.

Quarters
Quarters are the complete upper part of the shoe behind the vamp line covering the sides and back part of the shoe. The top edge of the sides and back of the quarter describes the topline. In athletic shoes the topline is usually padded and referred to as a collar. The medial and lateral sections join in a seam at the posterior end of the shoe. In Oxford style lacing shoes, the eyelet section is formed by the superior part of the quarter (while the underlying tongue is part of the vamp).  The heel section of the quarter is frequently reinforced with a stiffener to help support the rear foot. In boots the quarter is referred to as 'top'. 

The counter is a component of the quarter that stabilises the hind foot in the shoe and retains the shape of the posterior portion of the shoe. Counters are usually made from fibre board or heat moulded plastic.  

Toe cap
Many shoes incorporate a toecap into the upper of the shoe. Toecaps are either stitched over or completely replace the distal superior aspect of the vamp and can be made into a decorative features referred to as toe tips. The toe box refers to the roofed area over and around the part of the shoe that covers the toes. The function of the toe box is to retain the shape of the forefoot and allow room for the toes. 

Linings
In quality shoes the quarters and vamps are lined to enhance comfort and durability. Linings may consist of various materials i.e. leathers, fabrics, and manmade synthetics. The lining on the insole segment is called 'the sock' and may be full-length, three-quarter or just the heel section. Many linings are made of synthetic material and are usually confined to the quarters and the insock.


The Sole of the Shoe

Insole (inner sole)
A layer of material shaped to the bottom of the last and sandwiched between the outsole (and midsole) and the sole of the foot inside the shoe. The insole covers the join between the upper and the sole in most methods of construction and provides attachment for the upper, toe box linings and welting. The insole board is necessary in shoes that are constructed using cemented or Goodyear welt techniques because it is the attachment for upper and lower component.

Outsole
This is the outer most sole of the shoe, which is directly exposed to abrasion and wear. Traditionally made from a variety of materials, the outsole is constructed in different thickness and degrees of flexibility. Ideal soling materials must be waterproof, durable and possess a coefficient of friction high enough to prevent slipping. Leather has poor gripping capabilities and synthetic polymers are much preferred. There are also an infinite variety of surface designs. Extra grip properties can be incorporated in the form of a distinctive sole pattern with well-defined ridges. Alternatively they can be moulded with cavities to reduce the weight of the sole. These cavities need to be covered with a rigid insole or can be filled with light foam to produce a more flexible sole. 

Shank

The shank bridges between the heel breast and the ball tred. The shankpiece (Rossi 2000, p154) or shank spring can be made from wood, metal, fibreglass or plastic and consists of a piece approximately 10cm long and 1.5 cm wide. The shank spring lies within the bridge or waist of the shoe, i.e. between heel and ball corresponding to the medial and lateral arches. The shankpiece reinforces the waist of the shoe and prevents it from collapsing or distorting in wear. 

Heel
The heel is the raised component under the rear of the shoe. Heels consist of a variety of shapes, heights, and materials and are made of a series of raised platforms or a hollowed section. The part of the heel next to sole is usually shaped to fit the heel, this is called the heel seat or heel base. 
 

SOURCE 

All about shoes

Answer 6

The art of boot and shoemaking : a practical handbook including measurement, last-fitting, cutting-out, closing and making, with a description of the most approved machinery employed

https://archive.org/details/artofbootshoemak00leno/page/n5/mode/2up   

 SHOE-MAKING PROCESS THAT WILL MAKE YOU SAY WOW

https://youtu.be/6siaG8OS0Zg   

https://images.app.goo.gl/ufdXGH7eDhMk18fv8 

Basic Shoemaking Method - The Cemented Construction

https://youtu.be/Kof-qlFfw6k      

Shoemaking is the process of making footwear. Originally, shoes were made one at a time by hand. Traditional handicraft shoemaking has now been largely superseded in volume of shoes produced by industrial mass production of footwear, but not necessarily in quality, attention to detail, or craftsmanship. 

Answer 7

Shoes make an important fashion statement. After all, you're walking around in them all day. To make shoes, you need to gather the right materials, make a cast of your feet, cut the parts of the shoe to size, assemble those parts, and finalize the design.

Preparing Your Materials

1. Decide what kind of shoe you would like to make. If you're planning on making a shoe, it's undoubtedly important you have some idea what kind of shoe you would like to make. Shoes are incredibly diverse, and there are plenty of types you can make, not limited to loafers, sneakers, sandals, boots and high heels. 
2. Design, find or purchase a blueprint for your shoe. Before you think about making your shoe, it's important you have an accurate and well-detailed set of plans to work on. 

Making A Foot Cast

1. Make a custom last. 

2. Pour casting material into your casting box. 

3. Remove and tape your last. 

Assembling Your Shoe

1. Cut out your leather and fabrics. Using your template or personal design, cut each necessary section of fabric or leather out using a surgical knife or scalpel. You may find it helpful to use a ruler or protractor to help you with the incisions.
2. Stitch pieces together. A fluid stitch is one of the most skill-testing parts of making your own shoe. Be meticulous and slow as you're piecing it together; while it may be easier to go faster, bad stitching will certainly show in the final product, and your shoe won't look as good as it should. Try to get the stitches as close to the end of each piece of fabric as you can. Overlaps might leave unnecessary ridges on the shoe. 

3. Make eyelets. Eyelets are the holes you'll need to fix your laces through. Chances are your shoe design will use these. Evenly space the eyelets apart from one another  however, there are specific eyelet-making tools you can order from a specialty outlet.

4. Cut out your sole. If you purchased a pre-fabricated sole or nabbed a pair from old shoes, you won't need to worry about this step. 
5. Stitch and glue your pieces together.  It's recommended you pick up a shoe-specific adhesive to glue your fabric to the sole. Apply the glue slowly and evenly. This will maximize the waterproof seal for your shoe, and keep it sturdy. If your blueprint suggests any additional stitches, do those as well.

6. Trim excess fabric and add patches where desired. By this point, you should have relatively functional shoe. Add laces through the eyelets if you haven't already. To make the shoe look as good as it can be, you'll want to trim the excess fabric. If there are some really ugly seam marks on the shoe, you can add a new layer of leather or fabric to cover it up. 

Putting Finishing Touches on Your Creation

1. Waterproof your shoes with a sealant spray. 

2. Add decorative touches to your shoes.  
3. Take them for a test walk! 

SOURCE 

https://www.wikihow.com/Make-Shoes 

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